Sodium Chloride Injection 0.45% w/v is a sterile, non-pyrogenic intravenous solution used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It is typically used in cases of mild sodium depletion, dehydration, and as a maintenance fluid in pediatric and adult patients who require lower sodium concentration than standard saline.
Sodium chloride dissociates in solution to provide sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions, which are essential for maintaining osmotic balance, nerve conduction, and muscle function. The 0.45% concentration delivers a hypotonic solution, helping hydrate cells without causing excessive sodium retention.